The Spread of Malnutrition: Retinol & Carotenoids
NDNS 65 + Free-living M = 538, F = 516
Bates CJ et al. Br. J. Nut. 2010 doi:10.1017/S0007114510003053
9,970
5367
1.62
196
60
F
F
M
M
F
M
F
M
1,960
1011
405
79
37
1,674
828
323
54
8.0
Plasma beta-carotene nmol/l
12,000
5760
1.97
222
0.1
Total carotenoids Intake mg/day
6.8
3.56
2.18
1.17
0.42
5.55
3.54
2.21
1.25
0.85
Plasma retinol
1.0 – 2.8 umol/l
18.800
6068
850
121
60
20,400
5996
940
161
10
Retinol Intake
ug/day 300 – 1,500
Highest
97.5 pc
Mean
2.5 pc
Lowest
Parameter and Normal Range