Definitions of Safe Levels
•UK Safe Upper Levels (SULs) Guidance Levels (GLs) “are the doses of vitamins and minerals that susceptible individuals could take daily on a life-long basis, without medical supervision.”
Single figure, applies to adults only, based on 60 kg female
Total Safe Intakes (TSIs) are set for retinol and some trace elements
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•US Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs)
Range of figures depending upon age and sex
“is the highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no risk of adverse effects for nearly all people in a particular group”
Based on total intake from food, water and supplements
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•EU Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
“the maximum level of total chronic daily intake of a nutrient (from all sources) judged to be unlikely to pose a risk of adverse effects”.
ULs vary with age and sex and exclude “those under medical supervision and certain disease states” but includes “sensitive individuals”